Heat a large pot over medium heat. Add garlic, ginger, and sesame oil. Sauté for 1 minute until fragrant.
Pour in vegetable broth, soy sauce, miso paste, and rice vinegar. Stir and let simmer for 5 minutes.
Add carrots, mushrooms, and cabbage. Simmer for 10 minutes until softened.
Gently place tofu cubes into the broth. Add bok choy, snow peas, and bell peppers. Simmer for another 5 minutes.
Taste and adjust seasoning if needed. Sprinkle with chili flakes if you like heat.
Ladle hot pot into bowls over rice or noodles. Garnish with green onions and sesame seeds.
Serve immediately and enjoy the cozy vibes!